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		<title>Frações</title>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 21 Aug 2008 12:13:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Baldaci</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ensino fundamental]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aula de matemática]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[frações]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[matemática fundamental]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[O símbolo significa a:b, sendo a e b números naturais e b diferente de zero.     Chamamos:     de fração;     a de numerador;     b de denominador.     Se a é múltiplo de b, então é um número natural. &#8230; <a href="http://professorbaldaci.wordpress.com/2008/08/21/fracoes/">Continue lendo <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a><img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=professorbaldaci.wordpress.com&amp;blog=4572984&amp;post=5&amp;subd=professorbaldaci&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-family:Arial;">O símbolo <img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fr1.gif" alt="" width="16" height="40" align="middle" /> significa a:b, sendo <em><strong>a</strong></em> e <em><strong>b</strong></em> números naturais e b <em>diferente de zero</em>.</span> <span style="font-family:Arial;">    Chamamos:</span> <span style="font-family:Arial;">    </span><img src="http://professorbaldaci.wordpress.com/seta.gif" alt="seta.gif (248 bytes)" width="5" height="40" align="middle" /> de fração; <span style="font-family:Arial;">    </span><img src="http://professorbaldaci.wordpress.com/seta.gif" alt="seta.gif (248 bytes)" width="5" height="10" /> <span style="font-family:Arial;"><em><strong>a</strong></em> de numerador;</span> <span style="font-family:Arial;">    </span><img src="http://professorbaldaci.wordpress.com/seta.gif" alt="seta.gif (248 bytes)" width="5" height="10" /> <span style="font-family:Arial;"><em><strong>b</strong></em> de denominador.</span> <span style="font-family:Arial;">    Se <em><strong>a</strong></em> é múltiplo de <em><strong>b</strong></em>, então <img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fr1.gif" alt="" width="16" height="40" align="middle" /> é um número natural.</span> <span style="font-family:Arial;">    Veja um exemplo:</span> <span style="font-family:Arial;">    A fração <img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fr2.gif" alt="fr2.gif (135 bytes)" width="16" height="40" align="middle" /> é igual a 8:2. Neste caso, 8 é o numerador e 2 é o denominador. Efetuando a divisão de 8 por 2, obtemos o quociente 4. Assim, <img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fr2.gif" alt="fr2.gif (135 bytes)" width="16" height="40" align="middle" /> é um número natural e 8 é múltiplo de 2.</span> <span style="font-family:Arial;">    Durante muito tempo, os números naturais foram os únicos conhecidos e usados pelos homens. Depois começaram a surgir questões que não poderiam ser resolvidas com números naturais. Então surgiu o conceito de número fracionário.</span></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><strong><span style="font-size:large;color:#000080;font-family:Verdana;">O significado de uma fração</span></strong></p>
<p><span style="font-family:Arial;">Algumas vezes, <img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fr1.gif" alt="" width="16" height="40" align="middle" /> é um número natural. Outras vezes, isso não acontece. Neste caso, qual é o significado de <img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fr1.gif" alt="" width="16" height="40" align="middle" />?</span> <span style="font-family:Arial;">    Uma fração envolve a seguinte idéia: <span style="color:#0000a0;"><strong>dividir algo em partes iguais</strong></span>. Dentre essas partes, consideramos <strong>uma</strong> ou <strong>algumas</strong>, conforme nosso interesse.</span> <span style="font-family:Arial;">    Exemplo: Roberval comeu <img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fr3.gif" alt="fr3.gif (131 bytes)" width="16" height="40" align="middle" />de um chocolate. Isso significa que, se dividíssemos o chocolate em 4 partes iguais, Roberval teria comido 3 partes:</span></p>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family:Arial;">    </span><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fr4.gif" alt="fr4.gif (609 bytes)" width="194" height="64" /></p>
<p align="left"><span style="font-family:Arial;">    Na figura acima, as partes pintadas seriam as partes comidas por Roberval, e a parte branca é a parte que sobrou do chocolate. </span><span style="font-family:Arial;"></p>
<p align="center"><span style="font-size:large;color:#000080;font-family:Verdana;"><strong><big><big>Como se lê uma fração</big></big></strong></span></p>
<p align="left">    <span style="font-family:Arial;">As frações recebem nomes especiais quando os denominadores são 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 e também quando os denominadores são 10, 100, 1000, &#8230;</span></p>
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<td width="17%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe2.jpg" alt="wpe102.jpg (854 bytes)" width="16" height="41" /></td>
<td width="34%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle"><span style="font-family:Arial;">um meio</span></td>
<td width="20%" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe10.jpg" alt="wpe10A.jpg (877 bytes)" width="16" height="41" /></td>
<td width="38%" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><span style="font-family:Arial;">dois quintos</span></td>
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<td width="17%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe3.jpg" alt="wpe103.jpg (839 bytes)" width="15" height="41" /></td>
<td width="34%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><span style="font-family:Arial;">um terço</span></td>
<td width="20%" align="center" valign="middle"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe11.jpg" alt="wpe10B.jpg (857 bytes)" width="16" height="41" /></td>
<td width="38%" align="center" valign="middle"><span style="font-family:Arial;">quatro sétimos</span></td>
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<td width="17%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe4.jpg" alt="wpe104.jpg (845 bytes)" width="16" height="41" /></td>
<td width="34%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle"><span style="font-family:Arial;">um quarto</span></td>
<td width="20%" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe12.jpg" alt="wpe10C.jpg (880 bytes)" width="16" height="41" /></td>
<td width="38%" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><span style="font-family:Arial;">sete oitavos</span></td>
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<td width="17%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe5.jpg" alt="wpe105.jpg (835 bytes)" width="15" height="41" /></td>
<td width="34%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><span style="font-family:Arial;">um quinto</span></td>
<td width="20%" align="center" valign="middle"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe13.jpg" alt="wpe10D.jpg (925 bytes)" width="21" height="41" /></td>
<td width="38%" align="center" valign="middle"><span style="font-family:Arial;">quinze nonos</span></td>
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<td width="17%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe6.jpg" alt="wpe106.jpg (852 bytes)" width="15" height="41" /></td>
<td width="34%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle"><span style="font-family:Arial;">um sexto</span></td>
<td width="20%" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe14.jpg" alt="wpe10E.jpg (909 bytes)" width="23" height="41" /></td>
<td width="38%" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><span style="font-family:Arial;">um décimo</span></td>
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<td width="17%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe7.jpg" alt="wpe107.jpg (838 bytes)" width="16" height="41" /></td>
<td width="34%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><span style="font-family:Arial;">um sétimo</span></td>
<td width="20%" align="center" valign="middle"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe15.jpg" alt="wpe10F.jpg (991 bytes)" width="31" height="41" /></td>
<td width="38%" align="center" valign="middle"><span style="font-family:Arial;">um centésimo</span></td>
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<td width="17%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe8.jpg" alt="wpe108.jpg (852 bytes)" width="15" height="41" /></td>
<td width="34%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle"><span style="font-family:Arial;">um oitavo</span></td>
<td width="20%" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe16.jpg" alt="wpe110.jpg (1060 bytes)" width="39" height="41" /></td>
<td width="38%" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><span style="font-family:Arial;">um milésimo</span></td>
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<td width="17%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe9.jpg" alt="wpe109.jpg (853 bytes)" width="16" height="41" /></td>
<td width="34%" height="50" align="center" valign="middle" bgcolor="#e6e6e6"><span style="font-family:Arial;">um nono</span></td>
<td width="20%" align="center" valign="middle"><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fracoe17.jpg" alt="wpe111.jpg (1065 bytes)" width="39" height="41" /></td>
<td width="38%" align="center" valign="middle"><span style="font-family:Arial;">oito milésimos</span></td>
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<p align="center"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><span style="font-size:x-small;">   </span></span><span style="font-size:medium;color:#000080;font-family:Verdana;"><strong><big>Classificação das frações</big></strong></span></p>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><span style="color:#0000a0;">Fração</span> <strong>própria</strong>: o numerador é menor que o denominador: </span><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fr5.gif" alt="fr5.gif (228 bytes)" width="70" height="41" align="middle" /></p>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><span style="color:#0000a0;">Fração</span> <strong>imprópria</strong>: o numerador é maior ou igual ao denominador. </span><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fr6.gif" alt="fr6.gif (999 bytes)" width="70" height="41" align="middle" /></p>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><span style="color:#0000a0;">Fração</span> <strong>aparente</strong>: o numerador é múltiplo do denominador. </span><img src="http://www.somatematica.com.br/fundam/fr7.gif" alt="fr7.gif (271 bytes)" width="78" height="41" align="middle" /></p>
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